Cheese Of America

Definition and Scope

American cheese is a processed cheese product originating in the United States. It is typically made from a blend of cheeses such as cheddar and colby. The term legally refers to pasteurized process cheese, cheese food, or cheese spread under FDA standards. These products must contain a minimum percentage of real cheese and may include emulsifiers and other ingredients.

Its scope extends beyond a single cheese style to a category defined by its manufacturing process. This category is known for its consistent texture, mild flavor, and excellent melting properties. American cheese is a staple in American households and food service due to its affordability and versatility.

Production Process

The production begins with selected natural cheeses that are shredded and blended. Emulsifying salts, such as sodium citrate or phosphate, are added to the mixture. This blend is then heated and stirred until it becomes a homogeneous, molten liquid.

The liquid cheese is subsequently cooled and formed into blocks, slices, or other shapes. This process halts the aging of the original cheese, creating a product with a long shelf life. The result is a cheese that melts smoothly without separating into oil and solids.

Sensory Profile

American cheese possesses a very mild, creamy, and slightly salty flavor profile. Its aroma is subtle and milky, without the pungency found in many aged cheeses. The flavor is designed to be inoffensive and appealing to a broad audience, including children.

The texture is notably smooth, pliable, and slightly elastic when cold. Upon melting, it becomes exceptionally creamy and velvety. It lacks the graininess or crystalline texture present in some natural cheeses.

Culinary Uses

American cheese is predominantly used in applications where smooth melting is essential. It is the classic choice for cheeseburgers, grilled cheese sandwiches, and macaroni and cheese. Its ability to melt evenly makes it ideal for cheese sauces and dips.

Beyond melting, it is commonly used in deli sandwiches and as a simple snack. Its consistent performance and mild flavor make it a reliable ingredient in both home kitchens and commercial food production. It is rarely used on cheese boards due to its processed nature.

Notable Examples and Variations

A prominent example is American singles, which are individually wrapped slices. These are often a pasteurized process cheese product, containing a lower percentage of cheese. Another variation is deli-style American cheese, which is typically sold from a block and may have a higher cheese content.

White American cheese is a common variant, often made with a base like white cheddar or Monterey Jack. Some artisanal producers now create high-quality versions using better cheeses and fewer additives. These artisanal examples aim to replicate the functional properties while improving the flavor profile.

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